When Yahweh’s word challenges him, the prophet explains that all his furious zeal for Yahweh, “God of Hosts,” has been in vain. The Israelites have devoted themselves to (1) forsaking the covenant, (2) overturning the altars, and (3) killing the prophets, so that Elijah alone survives (v 10, repeated for effect in v 14). Directing him to stand outside on the mountain, Yahweh passes by (cf. Exod 33:22, 34:6). With great dramatic power, the narrative mentions wind, earthquake, and fire, the familiar